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Background blur in Skype uses artificial intelligence AI …. The powercfg command enables the customization of the hibernation file size. The operating system also compresses the contents of memory during the hibernate process to minimize the possibility that the contents exceeds the default size of the hibernation file. With a video driver conforming to Windows Display Driver Model v1.
This allows DWM to use significantly lower amounts of system memory, which do not grow regardless of how many windows are opened, like it was in Windows Vista. The Desktop Window Manager in Windows 7 also adds support for systems using multiple heterogeneous graphics cards from different vendors. Each user of Windows 7 and Server R2 has individual DPI settings, rather than the machine having a single setting as in previous versions of Windows.
DPI settings can be changed by logging on and off, without needing to restart. Over time, several technologies have been incorporated into subsequent versions of Windows to improve the performance of the operating system on traditional hard disk drives HDD with rotating platters. Since Solid state drives SSD differ from mechanical HDDs in some key areas no moving parts, write amplification , limited number of erase cycles allowed for reliable operation , it is beneficial to disable certain optimizations and add others, specifically for SSDs.
Windows 7 incorporates many engineering changes to reduce the frequency of writes and flushes, which benefit SSDs in particular since each write operation wears the flash memory. Windows 7 also makes use of the TRIM command. If supported by the SSD not implemented on early devices , this optimizes when erase cycles are performed, reducing the need to erase blocks before each write and increasing write performance.
Several tools and techniques that were implemented in the past to reduce the impact of the rotational latency of traditional HDDs, most notably disk defragmentation , SuperFetch , ReadyBoost , and application launch prefetching , involve reorganizing rewriting the data on the platters.
Since SSDs have no moving platters, this reorganization has no advantages, and may instead shorten the life of the solid state memory. Finally, partitions made with Windows 7's partition-creating tools are created with the SSD's alignment needs in mind, avoiding unwanted systematic write amplification. By default, a computer's disk is partitioned into two partitions : one of limited size for booting , BitLocker and running the Windows Recovery Environment and the second with the operating system and user files.
Windows 7 has also seen improvements to the Safely Remove Hardware menu, including the ability to eject just one camera card at the same time from a single hub and retain the ports for future use without reboot; and the labels of removable media are now also listed, rather than just the drive letter. BitLocker brings encryption support to removable disks such as USB drives. Such devices can be protected by a passphrase, a recovery key, or be automatically unlocked on a computer.
The more lengthy boot times on the remainder of the machines are mainly due to some services or programs that are loaded but are not required when the system is first started. Microsoft's Mike Fortin, a distinguished engineer on the Windows team, noted in August that Microsoft has set aside a team to work solely on the issue, and that team aims to "significantly increase the number of systems that experience very good boot times".
They "focused very hard on increasing parallelism of driver initialization". Also, Microsoft aims to "dramatically reduce" the number of system services, along with their demands on processors, storage, and memory.
The bit versions of Windows 7 and Server R2 introduce a user-mode scheduling framework. While for most applications this is sufficient, applications with large concurrent threading requirements, such as a database server , can benefit from having a thread scheduler in-process.
This is because the kernel no longer needs to be involved in context switches between threads, and it obviates the need for a thread pool mechanism, as threads can be created and destroyed much more quickly when no kernel context switches are required.
Prior to Windows 7, Windows used a one-to-one user thread to kernel-thread relationship. With Windows 7's user-mode scheduling, a program may configure one or more kernel threads as a scheduler supplied by a programming language library one per logical processor desired and then create a user-mode thread pool from which these UMS can draw.
The kernel maintains a list of outstanding system calls which allows the UMS to continue running without blocking the kernel thread. This configuration can be used as either many-to-one or many-to-many.
There are several benefits to a user mode scheduler. Context switching in User Mode can be faster. UMS also introduces cooperative multitasking. Having customizable scheduler also gives more control over thread execution. Windows Media Center in Windows 7 has retained much of the design and feel of its predecessor, but with a variety of user interface shortcuts and browsing capabilities.
Some notable enhancements in Windows 7 Media Center include a new mini guide, a new scrub bar, the option to color code the guide by show type, and internet content that is more tightly integrated with regular TV via the guide.
When browsing the media library, items that don't have album art are shown in a range of foreground and background color combinations instead of using white text on a blue background.
When the left or right remote control buttons are held down to browse the library quickly, a two-letter prefix of the current album name is prominently shown as a visual aid. The Picture Library includes new slideshow capabilities, and individual pictures can be rated.
Also, while browsing a media library, a new column appears at the top named "Shared. A gadget for Windows Media Center is also included. Transcoding encoding support is not exposed through any built-in Windows application but codecs are included as Media Foundation Transforms MFTs. For playback of various media formats, Windows 7 also introduces an H.
Windows Media Player 12 uses the built-in Media Foundation codecs to play these formats by default. Action Center , formerly Windows Security Center, now encompasses both security and maintenance. A new user interface for User Account Control has been introduced, which provides the ability to select four different levels of notifications, one of these notification settings, Default , is new to Windows 7. The feature will be disabled by default.
When enabled the user will only have limited control as to which applications can track their location. Because only the Media Foundation application programming interface could interact with this environment, a media player application had to be designed to use Media Foundation.
In Windows 7, this restriction is lifted. Windows 7 includes the new Windows Biometric Framework. In prior releases of Microsoft Windows, biometric hardware device manufacturers were required to provide a complete stack of software to support their device, including device drivers, software development kits, and support applications. Microsoft noted in a white paper on the Windows Biometric Framework that the proliferation of these proprietary stacks resulted in compatibility issues, compromised the quality and reliability of the system, and made servicing and maintenance more difficult.
By incorporating the core biometric functionality into the operating system, Microsoft aims to bring biometric device support on par with other classes of devices. A new Control Panel called Biometric Device Control Panel is included which provides an interface for deleting stored biometrics information, troubleshooting, and enabling or disabling the types of logins that are allowed using biometrics.
Biometrics configuration can also be configured using Group Policy settings. Alongside the workgroup system used by previous versions, Windows 7 adds a new ad hoc home networking system known as HomeGroup.
The system uses a password to join computers into the group, and allows users' libraries, along with individual files and folders, to be shared between multiple computers. Only computers running Windows 7 to Windows 10 version can create or join a HomeGroup; [] [] however, users can make files and printers shared in a HomeGroup accessible to Windows XP and Windows Vista through a separate account, dedicated to sharing HomeGroup content, that uses traditional Windows sharing.
HomeGroup as a concept is very similar to a feature slated for Windows Vista, known as Castle , which would have made it possible to have an identification service for all members on the network, without a centralized server. HomeGroup is created in response to the need for a simple sharing model for inexperienced users who need to share files without wrestling with user accounts , Security descriptors and share permissions.
Under this model, either a certain file or folder was shared with anyone who connects to the network even unauthorized parties who are in range of the wireless network or was not shared at all.
Windows 7 adds support for multiple firewall profiles. The Windows Firewall in Windows Vista dynamically changes which network traffic is allowed or blocked based on the location of the computer based on which network it is connected to. This approach falls short if the computer is connected to more than one network at the same time as for a computer with both an Ethernet and a wireless interface. In this case, Vista applies the profile that is more secure to all network connections.
This is often not desirable; Windows 7 resolves this by being able to apply a separate firewall profile to each network connection. Windows 7 contains Windows PowerShell 2. Windows 7 includes Internet Explorer 8 , []. NET Framework 3. Paint and WordPad feature a Ribbon interface similar to the one introduced in Office , with both sporting several new features. Calculator has been rewritten, with multiline capabilities including Programmer and Statistics modes, unit conversion, and date calculations.
Calculator was also given a graphical facelift, the first since Windows 95 in and Windows NT 4. DLL files. Microsoft Magnifier, an accessibility utility for low vision users has been dramatically improved.
Magnifier now supports the full screen zoom feature, whereas previous Windows versions had the Magnifier attached to the top of the screen in a dock layout. The new full screen feature is enabled by default, however, it requires Windows Aero for the advantage of the full screen zoom feature.
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